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Unknown: is a very happy occasion, the annual faculty research lecture on every campus of the University California sometime at this time of year, there is a faculty research lecture. Ma'am, this is a very serious and happy occasion,

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because it's the highest honor that the academic side of each campus can give to other scholar teachers in honor of a career achievement of significant scholarship. And this year, the Santa Cruz campus, the Santa Cruz division of the Academic

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Senate has chosen to honor Robyn o Brown. And before I begin to introduce him, I should tell all of you that there is a party set up for all of you at the whole earth restaurant afterwards. And that has been set up by his colleagues in Cologne college,

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and by the division of humanities by the chancellor, so that all of you here are invited to come for refreshments and reception and colloquy at the whole earth restaurant immediately after the lecture. And there's a lot of you but the

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whole earth restaurant has a pretty big place. So I think that will be very good. As I was saying this is a happy and significant occasion. And you've all had the programs which give a Riviera view of NaVi Browns achievements, career and

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contributions contribution to the campus, I will not read it by any means at Whole, I do want to pick up a few themes from the program because we all need to know a little bit about the quality of the person that has brought us here. Picking a

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phrase from the beginning of your description in the program. You have before you are most remarkable and unusual faculty member a classicist, it says a psychoanalytic scholar and historian of the human spirit, an apocalyptic prophet and

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mystic to the world at large. And besides all these improbable things, and inspiring teacher and the various sciences and the university, and the national and international figure of scholarship and intellectuality. I quote again from another part

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of your program, comments that were written about Nabil brown about by internationally significant figures at one time or another in his career. Brown is a most unusual scholar, whose intellectual power is such to Bruce the bonds of traditional

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discursive thought and to a found his proper form in a metaphoric language, often closer to poetry than to prose. One comment, another brown scholarship is approved technical equipment has been used to probe toward the very

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roots of meaning and organization of culture. Another comment is unique perspective. matters, cultural brings all of our shopworn scholastic piety standard out. And as the committee which put it in forth before you as our research

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lecturer, the year said he is a wayward, sometimes obscure and perverse, other times brilliant and penetrating Oh is political and even rhapsodic writer whose uniquenesses is unquestionable. And we have the academic side the faculty of this campus of

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the University feel that we honor the university in honoring Nabil brown as our research lecture for this year on nominal Brown. His topic is the legend of Tana quill and since I see the legends on the

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board, I know that it is to do with ancient Rome rather than with Chiapas or Spanish I asked it was it handiquilter Tana key And that shows how little I know how much she knows Nabil. If I was half as eccentric as I made out to be

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I have to acknowledge that the University of California at Santa Cruz has made this eccentric feel completely at home. And Bruce Smith,

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a superlative social scientist, I think you could tell that he not only would like to be on is also a humanist research means to me. My new particulars.

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I'm thinking of Blake Steph dictum. to generalize is to be an idiot. To particularize is the alone distinction of merit. I have done some generalizing in my time. And I'm very happy that my

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colleagues here trust that I also do research. The Legend of Tana quill My title is from baclofen. baclofen, the discoverer

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of matriarchy as a substrate underneath the patriarchy of classical antiquity. The title of his book on matriarchy at Rome was the legend of Tana crow. matriarchy is an ambiguous word. It's not even back whovians word

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to particular rise. Tana quill is the woman who confers kingship Tana quill conferred the kingship twice. First on talk when the fifth King and first Etruscan King and then on his successor surveus

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toldos. talquin was the son of a Greek exile from Corinth who settled in a trust contract quinnie. Married Tana quill, a native a trust can have the highest rank. And here and often I'm just paraphrasing Livy, the first book of Libby's history.

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Tana Crowe was not the kind of girl who would easily allow the station into which she had married to be lower than that into what she had been born. Since her fellow tarquinius looked down on her non native husband. She couldn't she

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conceived the project of immigrating to Rome, casting aside the natural love of native country in her desire to see her husband honored. She had no difficulty in persuading her husband, he to being ambitious, desiring honors in the latter,

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when they arrive at the janiculum that hill on the north, from which the Eternal City is most perfectly displayed. An eagle swoops down from the sky, snatches the cap off top Quinn's head, circles around and then swoops down

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again to replace the cap on top Quinn's head. Turner quill like other interesting matrons is good at telling fortunes. She interprets and accepts the oh man And commands her husband to entertain the highest hopes. From then on, there was no

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stopping him. He quickly made himself the friend of the reigning king of Rome, and Chris martius, who made him guardian of his two young sons. When ankers martius died talquin as Chief Minister sent the two young princess off on a hunting

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expedition and engineer his own succession as King. Tana quill reappears and an even more mysterious way, as the presiding genius of the next king surveus torneos surveus Torrijos.

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As his name surveus tells us was the slave who rose to become king, the ultimate success story. He owed it to Tana quill first the story of his birth. When the town of cornucopia alum was taken by the Romans, a

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captive made record of krizia, whose fortune could not obscure either her beauty or her character, was given to be a slave to Tana quill, the wife of King talquin. chrystia was the maid who was given the duty of taking the first fruits and the

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libations on all occasions from the Royal table, and bringing them to the hearth. And once upon a time when she chanced as usual to be casting the offerings on the fire. Suddenly, as the flames died down, the phallus of a man rose up out of

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the hearth, and the and this, the girl greatly frightened code to 10 acryl only. Now 10 acryl was an intelligent and understanding woman, and she decked the maiden in garments such as become a bride, and shut her up in the room with the

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apparition, for she judged it to be of a divine nature. At any rate, that resulted in the birth of surveus. And while he was still a child, his head, Shawn with a region's very like the gleam of lightning. Tana quills saw that radiance, her ability

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as a fortune teller to discern surveus tellers as being predestined to great things. He was given talk quince and canicross daughter to Maddie. And when King talk when was assassinated, it is Tana quill, who in the most extraordinary

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manner, takes command in the crisis, and manages the succession of service trillions to the throne. This is Libby's description. In the midst of the disorder, tenneco gave orders to close the palace and throw out all witnesses. Having hastily

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summon surveus she showed him her husband's nearly lifeless body, and grasping his right hand besought him not to suffer the death of his father in law to go unpunished, nor his mother in law to become adjust to her enemies. To you service, she

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cried, if you are a man belongs this kingdom, not to those who by the hands of others have committed a dastardly crime, arouse yourself from follow the guidance of the gods, who once declared by the token of divine fire poured upon this head, that

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you should be a famous time, now is the time for that heaven sent flame to quit the new now wake in earnest. Not only that, but the crowd can or cannot has to be managed when the shouting and the pushing of the crowd could hardly be withstood. 10 acryl

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went up into the upper storey of the house and threw away Though looking out on the novel via the new way, addressed the populace, she bade them Be of good cheer. The King had only been stunned by a sudden blow. The steel had not sunk deep in his body, he

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was already recovering at cetera, et cetera. Tana quill haranguing the crowd from a window, an extraordinary moment. Plutarch says that, once at Rome, an extraordinary moment at Rome, Plutarch says at once when a woman stood up to plead her

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own case in a Roman law court, the Senate consulted an Oracle as to what this dire prodigy might portend for the safety of the city. The woman who confers the kingdom now, in Bath pouvons

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p galeon. Evolutionary framework. matriarchy is oriental. Primarily centered on the Oriental religion of the Great Mother Goddess and transmitted by the etruscans to Italy. He follows the ancient tradition that the etruscans

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came from Asian minor were immigrants from Asia Minor. In backofen scheme, Rome, inaugurate Western civilization by erecting patriarchal institutions on this oriental Etruscan Foundation, in Barkov and scheme in the decline of

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Rome, and there is a regression to Orientalism and the power of women. Under such later emperors as Helio gavrilos and Kara Keller in the third century AD, as I was watching, I Claudius on public television

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series. I Claudius based on the novels of Robert graves, who, Robert graves who knows his back often as I was watching the women of the Caesars,

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I began to perceive kana quill as an eternal recurrence at Rome. Livia, the wife of Augustus,

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the mother of type areas, in tacitus account of the crisis between the deaths of Augustus and the expression of type areas that was in the television series. live here played so active a role that modern

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historians have actually concluded that tacitus has maliciously borrowed from Libby's account of Tana krill. They and they don't believe it. They believe neither. There are also you remember the whys of the UK's Oreos, Claudius himself

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messalina, who messed around with him agrippina who murdered him or probably murdered him and ensured the expression of her son Nero. acryl like kingship is a recurrent phenomenon in Roman

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history. Nor did the recurrence have to wait for the return of the kingship. In sallows, marvelous description of the Catalan area and conspiracy 63 bc that flash which illuminates the essential character of the late Roman Republic. There is a

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woman called centonian Sinfonia. I want to read you Salus description of her. She is involved in the Catalunya Aryan conspiracy. Now among these women was son pronoia, who had often committed many crimes of masculine daring in birth and

00:19:59.070 - 00:20:20.040

beauty In her husband and children, she was abundantly favored by Fortune. Well read in the literature of Greece and Rome, able to play the liar and dance more skillfully than an honest woman need. And having many other accomplishments,

00:20:20.160 - 00:20:46.140

which minister to voluptuousness. There was nothing that she held so cheap as modesty and chastity. You could not easily say whether she was less sparing of her money or her honor. Her desires were so ardent that she sought men more

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often than she was sought by them. Even before the time of the conspiracy, conspiracy, she had often broken her word, repudiated her debts, debts and been privy to murder, poverty and extravagance combined had driven her headlong.

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Nevertheless, she was a woman of no mean and dominance. She could write verses Bandy jokes, and use language which was modest, or tender or wanton. In fine, she possessed a high degree of wit and charm.

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That's what I mean by recurrence. senfronia is China quill in a more corrupt a just seller says in 10, top 10 we caught up talk up talk date. And likewise And

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likewise, that word for Whitney charm at the end of the sellers. description is one of photolysis favorite words and likewise some fronius contemporary to tell us lesbian. She was a Tigris and has to be understood I think in this slide

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as another sin pronoia, another 10 acryl. There are other episodes of earlier Roman history. I don't want to pass over Shakespeare's Coriolanus Connie Elena's the savior of Rome, who triumphed over the volsky. The hockey

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patrician who feuded with the plebeians, who left Rome in disgust and fury, and then led an army of their enemies to the very gates of Rome, who rejected appeals from mercy from the Senate and the people, but finally healed it to the Embassy

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of Roman matrons and to the appeals of his wife and his mother. Critical professional history, led by the great Momsen in the 19th century, has left nothing historical in the story of Coriolanus. the intervention of the Roman matrons, they say,

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is a fantasy by later Roman historians who felt that Roman history needed to be embellished by fictions modeled on Greek drama. Barkhor often wrote a critique of Manson's critical analysis of the courier laina story. It is Momsen that has

00:23:53.370 - 00:24:17.940

been listened to not back home often by professional historian historians. I urge you to listen to backofen and living and Plutarch and Shakespeare. The great Curtis said, if these Romans are great enough to invent these stories, shall we

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be great enough to believe them? discarding evolutionary linear notions of history, trying to see history in a new way, history under a certain aspect of eternity. History In the light of Nietzsche's eternal

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recurrence, we perceive that in the Eternal City foundation is an eternal recurrence. lesson two Libby's formulation of the transition from the first king Romulus to the second King numa. The city, having been founded by force of arms by Romulus numa

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proceeded to found it all over again by laws and morals and religion, that great Roman word religion. To make the pattern of recurrence, monumentally clear.

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The third King, TELUS hostilis, duplicates the martial valor of Romulus and the fourth King ankus martius duplicate duplicates the religious piety of Newmont. The French scholar domain zeal has taught us to identify these themes. The God

00:26:10.140 - 00:26:40.590

of Romulus is Jupiter. Jupiter represents the principle of terror and no need to explain the role of terror in the foundation of the Eternal City. The God of numa is three days I do surely the principle of trust. It is the basis of the

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all important Roman political institution of the Korean Taylor Cleon Taylor, the client following which formed the basis of political patronage. And besides terror,

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we need trust talquin and tanach will introduce the third factor, the factor named for tuna by the Romans, the goddess fortune. Tarquin was a part of a new novice hamo a new man, self made

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man, what the Romans called Stelios, for tonight son of fortune. Like The Great Gatsby in petronius, satirical, those of you who read it, or faerber Sue I for to NY Smith have his own fortune Smith of his own fortune. The the motto taken

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from the fourth century BC accents or appius, Claudius, taken as his own motto by Fred Smith, future when he became Lord Birkenhead, the only the most intelligent member of Stanley Baldwin's cabinet in pre World War Two England forever so

00:28:07.470 - 00:28:31.740

I for tonight's talk when came to Rome, that he says because he was ambitious, cookie dough Sonoran, desirous of honors, and he was the primordial candidate live. He says he was the first to go after the kingship. The previous kings were elected, but

00:28:31.740 - 00:28:52.260

there was no campaigning. I mean, he was the first to go after the kingship by means of electioneering and campaign oratory designed to win the favor of the masses. He introduces the principle of ambition.

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Caesar was ambitious. He crossed the Rubicon, saying the die is cast, ye ACTA Alia s

00:29:12.360 - 00:29:33.660

and Alia toady procedure. ambition is electioneering. Ambition the Latin word means going around, you know, hobnobbing buttonholing

00:29:34.530 - 00:29:59.460

ambition is electioneering and elections are a lottery. We Vox Populi, Vox Dei, the voice of the people people is the voice of God. What what God is all this activity is under Fortuna including the campaign contributions

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For tuna, and surveus Julius Damasio has written a book that he called survios and fortune Plutarco in that wonderful, wonderful research paper,

00:30:26.880 - 00:30:54.780

he called Roman questions. Roman questions. Question number 74. Why? Why did King servius tullius build a shrine of little fortune? Is it because although at first he was a man of little importance, and of humble

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activities, and the son of a captive woman, yet owing to fortune he became king of Rome? Or does this very change reveal the greatness rather than the littleness of fortune, and does serve years beyond all other men seem to have deified the power

00:31:14.790 - 00:31:35.490

of fortune, and to have set her formally, over all manner of actions, for He not only built shrines of fortune, the giver of Good Hope, the averting of evil, the gentle, the firstborn, the male, but there is also a shrine of private fortune, and another

00:31:35.490 - 00:32:01.440

of attentive fortune, and still another of fortune, the Virgin. It was even thought that fortune, had intercourse with surveus Julius, descending into his chamber through a certain window, which they now call the porta Fenice tele, the little

00:32:01.440 - 00:32:27.480

window gate service Julius is a duplicate of tarwin, a self made man. This this time a native Latin, not an immigrant, Etruscan, his origin sarovar Mark tre, Patrick Nolo

00:32:28.710 - 00:32:48.210

with a slave woman as a mother, and with no father. His origin with a slave mother and no father made him the patron saint of that all important category in early

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Roman history. The plebeians. The plebeians. We don't know what they were, and Teresa, exactly the puppy and so at least we're not patricians. You can also see the

00:33:07.800 - 00:33:34.680

word patter the father in the word patricians. In some deep and very real sense, the plebeians had no fathers. Much of early Roman history is is the history of their struggle to overcome that handicap. servius tullius, ranked with Romulus and

00:33:34.680 - 00:33:58.560

numa as a founder of the city, paradoxically, but he was seen as the king who founded the Republic, who laid the foundations of liberty.

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So, what is Liberty? What is a republic? Living on surveus Julius. He addressed himself to what is by far the most important work of peace. As numa had been the author of religious law, so surveus intended to be remembered by posterity as the

00:34:31.620 - 00:34:58.650

founder commendatory him as the founder of all degrees of distinction in the body politic, and of the orders, which differentiate clearly between grades of rank and fortune. The two words there are Dignitas and Fortuna Dignitas, being as

00:34:58.650 - 00:35:32.220

important in Roman Politics. As for tuna, he did this. He instituted the orders which differentiated clearly between grades of rank and fortune by instituting the census. Now to get away from the barren census of modernity damacio has some

00:35:32.220 - 00:35:50.370

interesting things to say about the etymology and original meaning of the word sensor. In its root, there is the relation between pricing and praising.

00:35:53.730 - 00:36:19.920

The art in its in its root is the origin of this new factor in poverty. The meretricious principle of marriage of worth as distinct from birth services censors in Roman history established classes.

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Our word is the Roman word. Our word classes it's the Roman word. Serbia says classes were based on wealth. It was a differential system of honors correlated with differential responsibilities.

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The Romans, in their view of this matter, saw a panning of significant panning relation between on us and on us, between HONS and ONUSHNO s gives us honors, and o n u s, gives us honor Russ responsibilities. And you go pear onora, at Hanover

00:37:23.340 - 00:37:52.260

res. servius tullius. Also, as you would expect, reorganized the election procedure. So that Levy's words so that no one should seem to be excluded from suffrage, and yet all power

00:37:52.350 - 00:38:24.870

would rest with the leading citizens. Cicero that ideal liberal Cicero's description of the Serbian constitution, he divided the citizens into five classes. He made this division in such a way that the greatest number of

00:38:24.870 - 00:38:42.510

votes belong not to the common people, but to the rich and put into effect, the principle which ought always to be adhered to, in a republic, that the greatest

00:38:42.510 - 00:39:05.460

number should not have the greatest power that the greatest number should not have the greatest power neighborhood among valiant polluting me. This was done in the Serbian arrangement. The citizens voted not individually but by blocks

00:39:05.610 - 00:39:31.500

based on the census, the blocks are called centuries. And the vote is by numbers of centuries. The centuries of the two top classes had an absolute majority with 98 centuries. And the bottom class, which the Romans called pro lattari, ie, the

00:39:31.500 - 00:40:01.020

Romans called the bottom class proletarians were put in one century with one vote. This is a much less expensive way of organizing the supremacy of wealth than the American system which bleeds the rich for cash. pain control.

00:40:11.610 - 00:40:42.270

Fortune is fickle. Service surveus alias came to an unfortunate end for Tula cibo Leiter negocio at luden, insulin 10 Ludo a pair of

00:40:42.270 - 00:41:09.000

chinax trends moutet in carrot toasts, Han always known Mahi nunc Elio Vanek now fortune, this this is Horace's last ODE of the third book it's dedicated to the

00:41:09.000 - 00:41:27.180

most fortune of me seen as and they trust the richest man of Rome his patron. Horace is accused of being a time server or something. This is what he says to me seen as the most fortunate

00:41:30.690 - 00:42:16.950

fortune enjoys cruel business and persists in playing games without respect for the rules. shifts around honors uncertainly kind now to me, now to someone else. In surveus, alias story the trouble all started with a woman says livi in nity, on fame

00:42:16.950 - 00:42:36.810

in the beginning was a woman as you read in Genesis three surveus tollers had a daughter, like King Lear Her name was Trulia.

00:42:39.450 - 00:42:53.670

Paraphrasing live living now. Trulia Trulia could not bear the thought the tenant krill, a woman and a foreigner was nevertheless so endowed with

00:42:53.670 - 00:43:17.010

spirit and energy as to be able twice in succession to confer royal power, first on her husband, and then on her son in law, while she trillia, the daughter of a king would count for nothing in the giving and taking away of kingship. This to

00:43:17.010 - 00:43:56.460

Leah got rid of her first husband because he was not ambitious in order to marry his ambitious brother, who is the future tarquinius Superbus brings a story to an end. She She married his more ambitious brother, the future

00:43:56.460 - 00:44:22.410

tarquinius Superbus, who, whom she egged on to the conspiracy which resulted in the death of her father servius tullius. There was and in Rome still is a place called the street of crime, where they say to Leah, drove her carriage over her

00:44:22.410 - 00:44:49.140

father's murdered courts. If you have followed me, it must now be clear that Trulia and Tanner krill are human incarnations of the goddess for tuna.

00:44:52.290 - 00:45:11.520

The window through which fortune descended to visit serve yes and happy intercourse with him is the same window from which Tana quill harangue the crowd, to arrange for surveus succession to the

00:45:11.520 - 00:45:44.970

throne to talk Roman questions, number 36 Why do they call one of the gates the window? For this is what fenestra means. And why is the so called Chamber of Fortune decided? Is it because King surveus the luckiest of mortals,

00:45:45.270 - 00:46:08.850

was reputed to have converse with fortune, who visited him through a window or is this but a fable and is the true reason that when King tarquinius priscus died, his wife 10 acryl of sensible and queenly woman put her head out of a window and

00:46:08.850 - 00:46:26.310

the dressing the citizens persuaded them to appoint surveus King and thus the place came to have this name. To talk is a model of Research Minute particular questions

00:46:26.610 - 00:46:55.500

answered by raising more questions. First back Hoeven and then do maceio have asserted to be a principle of Roman culture asserted as a as a principle of Roman culture. The historicize

00:46:55.500 - 00:47:25.740

ation of myth. The historicize ation of myth that is to say, mythical patterns of eternal recurrence, are transposed on to historical events, and historical personages, such as tanach well as a historical embodiment of for tuna. For tuna

00:47:25.800 - 00:47:49.200

is, as Machiavelli said, a woman. Fortune is a woman. That's the end of my research, and the beginning of my generalizations.

00:48:01.140 - 00:48:21.330

Fortune is the presiding deity of Roman history, and a Roman historiography of the doing of history, the action like Caesar, casting the dye, and Roman historians who write about it.

00:48:24.120 - 00:48:43.020

It is often said by Christian and crypto Christian philosophers, that history The in itself idea of history is a Hebrew Christian invention. In fact,

00:48:45.540 - 00:49:03.930

you know what that means? It means it's a wild idea. In fact, the only alternative to determinist teleological

00:49:03.960 - 00:49:36.390

conceptions of history, or ultimately, of Hebrew, Christian origin, or all ultimately dependent, dependent on that idea of a Father God, and ghostly specters of the Father God, such as purpose or progress, that Father God who is

00:49:36.390 - 00:49:54.750

dead. The alternative is fortune. The only alternative is fortune. The importance of this goddess Fortuna is precisely as

00:49:54.780 - 00:50:26.310

Augustine pointed out that chance deity, are mutually exclusive. Dante's synthesis of the two and the seventh Cantor of the inferno is a tour de force, which leaves me speechless. But the Romans knew the intrinsic atheism in

00:50:26.310 - 00:50:50.730

Fortuna. Cicero says randomness is certainly incompatible with divinity. And clearly in the passage that is regarded as the classic description, on Fortuna, on Fortuna as

00:50:50.730 - 00:51:21.720

the real universal deity of classical antiquity, says, and I translate. Thus, the very principle which makes God's existence uncertain, is taken for a god. For tuna, is the goddess who enables us to say, there is no God. There is no

00:51:21.720 - 00:51:48.480

plan. It is all a chance operation. Verily, it is a blessing, and not a blasphemy. When I teach over all things stands the heaven chance the heaven innocence

00:51:50.190 - 00:52:12.030

to heaven, haphazard, the heaven or death by chance, that is the most ancient nobility of the world. And this I restored to all things. I delivered them from

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their bondage, under purpose. Oh, heaven over me, pure and high. That is what your purity is to me now. That there is no eternal spider or spider web of reason that you are to me a dance floor for divine chances that you are to me, a divine

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table for divine dice and divine dice players. ludas for tonight, ludas for two nights a game of fortune, the world game. That's what we find in Salah in living in tacitus. This way

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of looking at history is not intellectual poverty, but pagan moral courage. What Machiavelli calls what Machiavelli called veer to

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Machiavelli and Nietzsche, call us to return to that tradition, which placed history under Fortuna